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April 21, 2021
• Updated

Sensory processing and neurodivergence

Understanding your sensory processing differences can help you make sense of overwhelm, avoid burnout, and advocate for your needs without shame.

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Sensory processing is how the brain receives, organizes, and responds to information from the senses. This shapes how you interpret sounds, lights, touch, taste, smells, movement, and even what’s happening inside your body.

Everyone filters sensory input differently. For many neurodivergent people, those filters work in ways that can make everyday environments feel unpredictable. Sensory input might be intense one day and barely noticeable the next. This kind of variability is a natural part of how some brains respond to the world.. It’s simply how your brain processes input.

Sensory processing isn’t always smooth or predictable. Some people use the term Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) to describe a pattern of sensory challenges while others prefer to describe it as sensory processing differences. The specific language matters less than finding support that fits your experience.

The eight senses (yes, eight!)

Most people learn about five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. These are your external senses, helping you interpret the world around you.

There are also three internal senses that play a big role in how you experience your body and surroundings:

  • Proprioception is your awareness of where your body is in space. It helps you understand your position without needing to look, and it supports coordinated movement and physical confidence.
  • Vestibular sense relates to balance and movement. It helps you stay steady while walking, notice when you're in motion, and orient yourself if you're spinning or tipping.
  • Interoception is the sense of internal states like hunger, thirst, temperature, and the need to go to the bathroom. It also plays a key role in emotional awareness and knowing when your body needs care or regulation.

Many people don’t realize how important these internal senses are until something feels off. For example, if you’ve ever gone hours without realizing you were hungry or suddenly felt dizzy before noticing you hadn’t eaten, that’s often linked to interoception.

Hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity

Sensory processing differences often fall along a spectrum. Some people notice sensory input more intensely than others, while some feel less of it or take longer to register it. This is often described as hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity.

  • Hypersensitivity means the brain reacts strongly to sensory input. Things that might seem ordinary to others, like background noise, clothing tags, or bright lights, can feel overwhelming or even painful. People with hypersensitivities might be described as avoiders, since they often try to reduce or avoid sensory input that feels too intense.
  • Hyposensitivity means the brain takes in less sensory information or responds more slowly. This can lead to a constant need for more input in order to feel regulated. People with hyposensitivities are sometimes called seekers, because they actively look for strong sensations like pressure, motion, sound, or intense flavors to feel grounded.

Many people are a combination of both, depending on the sense and the situation. You might be hypersensitive to sound but hyposensitive to movement, or your needs might shift with stress, sleep, or changes in your environment.

These needs can shift depending on stress, sleep, environment, and life context. Your sensory profile is not fixed, and there is no right way to be.

Planning should work with your brain, not against it

Tiimo was built by and for neurodivergent people. Use AI planning, check-ins, and visual timelines to stay focused and reduce overwhelm.

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Common signs to look for

Sensory processing differences don’t disappear over time. Many people experience them throughout their lives, even if they never had the language to describe it.

Some common signs include:

  • Overwhelm in crowded, loud, or brightly lit places
  • Avoiding certain textures in clothing, food, or surroundings
  • Difficulty with temperature regulation
  • Relying on movement, pressure, or fidgets to concentrate
  • Frequently bumping into things or feeling off-balance
  • Gagging at smells or textures
  • Missing internal cues like hunger, thirst, or fatigue

Many people learn to mask these differences, especially those who were socialized to hide discomfort or taught that sensitivity was something to be ashamed of. You might suppress reactions, force eye contact, or push through sensory overload without realizing there’s another way.

How sensory differences relate to ADHD and Autism

Sensory experiences are deeply linked with many forms of neurodivergence, including ADHD and Autism. In ADHD, this might show up as sensory-seeking behaviors like needing constant movement, background noise, or oral input such as chewing. In Autism, it may include heightened sensitivity to lights, sounds, or touch, as well as a strong need for predictable sensory environments.

Sensory differences are also common in people with trauma histories, PTSD, anxiety, or chronic illness. Your sensory system is part of your nervous system, which means it is shaped by safety, regulation, and how your brain and body respond to the world.

That said, sensory processing is not the same for everyone within a diagnosis. Some people are more sensitive in certain situations, while others may only notice differences under stress or in specific environments. Sensory patterns can shift over time and are deeply contextual.

How to identify your sensory needs

Getting to know your sensory profile can help you reduce overwhelm and build routines that feel more supportive. You don’t need a formal assessment to start noticing patterns. Some people journal about their reactions throughout the day, while others reflect on what situations feel energizing or draining.

Start by paying attention to:

  • Which environments leave you feeling overstimulated or exhausted?
  • What textures, sounds, or smells do you avoid or seek out?
  • Are there times when you miss internal signals, like hunger or needing to rest?

You might also find it helpful to check in with your body before and after specific experiences, like commuting, eating, or socializing. The goal isn’t to fix or label every reaction, but to notice which patterns feel familiar.

Ways to meet your sensory needs

You do not need a diagnosis to benefit from sensory supports. If something helps you feel more regulated, more comfortable, or more present, it’s worth using. Once you start noticing your sensory patterns, you can explore ways to support them in daily life. Some strategies are proactive, while others are tools you can turn to when things feel overwhelming.

Some examples include:

  • Using sensory tools like fidgets, weighted items, earplugs, or sunglasses
  • Wearing clothing that feels soft, breathable, or consistent
  • Adding movement into your routine, like walking, stretching, or rocking
  • Creating quieter or visually calmer spaces at home or work
  • Building in recovery time after high-input experiences, even if they seem "normal" to others
  • Honoring routines around eating, drinking, or rest, especially if interoception is low

Meeting your sensory needs isn’t about perfection. It’s about creating a setup that helps your nervous system feel a little more supported, a little more often. You don’t have to get everything right to feel better in your body. Even small shifts in your environment or routine can help your nervous system settle more easily and make daily life feel more manageable.

What to take with you

Sensory processing differences can shape how you experience the world, from the clothes you wear to how you focus, eat, or interact with others. They can show up in subtle ways or feel completely overwhelming but, no matter where you fall on the sensory spectrum, your needs are valid.

There’s no one way to process sensory input. These experiences are shaped by your nervous system, your environment, and your personal history. Some people notice heightened sensitivity. Others seek more input. Many shift between both. And it often depends on context.

Learning your sensory patterns can help you build awareness, trust your instincts, and create support systems that make your daily life feel more grounded and manageable.

FAQ

1. Can sensory processing differences change over time?

Yes. Sensory needs often shift depending on stress, hormones, sleep, or life changes. You might become more sensitive in some areas and less in others. These patterns can evolve throughout your life.

2. What is the difference between sensory overload and a meltdown?

Sensory overload happens when your brain receives more input than it can handle. A meltdown can follow if that overload builds up with no way to regulate. It is not an overreaction. It is a real response that needs care and recovery time.

3. Is it possible to have sensory challenges but still appear calm?

Yes. Many people hide or mask their reactions, especially if they were taught to stay quiet or blend in. Looking calm does not always mean feeling calm on the inside.

4. How do I talk to others about my sensory needs without feeling awkward?

You can start by naming what helps. For example, you might say you work better in quiet spaces or feel more comfortable wearing certain fabrics. Framing your needs around comfort and focus can make it easier to share.

5. Can sensory tools help even if I do not fully understand my profile?

Yes. You can learn a lot just by trying things out. Whether it is a fidget, noise-reducing headphones, or a different routine, small experiments can show you what feels right in your body.

About the author

Lorraine Young

Lorraine is an Autistic parent and community builder creating supportive spaces for sensory needs, routine-building, and everyday life.

Read bio
April 21, 2021
• Updated:

Sensory processing and neurodivergence

Understanding your sensory processing differences can help you make sense of overwhelm, avoid burnout, and advocate for your needs without shame.

No items found.

Sensory processing is how the brain receives, organizes, and responds to information from the senses. This shapes how you interpret sounds, lights, touch, taste, smells, movement, and even what’s happening inside your body.

Everyone filters sensory input differently. For many neurodivergent people, those filters work in ways that can make everyday environments feel unpredictable. Sensory input might be intense one day and barely noticeable the next. This kind of variability is a natural part of how some brains respond to the world.. It’s simply how your brain processes input.

Sensory processing isn’t always smooth or predictable. Some people use the term Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) to describe a pattern of sensory challenges while others prefer to describe it as sensory processing differences. The specific language matters less than finding support that fits your experience.

The eight senses (yes, eight!)

Most people learn about five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. These are your external senses, helping you interpret the world around you.

There are also three internal senses that play a big role in how you experience your body and surroundings:

  • Proprioception is your awareness of where your body is in space. It helps you understand your position without needing to look, and it supports coordinated movement and physical confidence.
  • Vestibular sense relates to balance and movement. It helps you stay steady while walking, notice when you're in motion, and orient yourself if you're spinning or tipping.
  • Interoception is the sense of internal states like hunger, thirst, temperature, and the need to go to the bathroom. It also plays a key role in emotional awareness and knowing when your body needs care or regulation.

Many people don’t realize how important these internal senses are until something feels off. For example, if you’ve ever gone hours without realizing you were hungry or suddenly felt dizzy before noticing you hadn’t eaten, that’s often linked to interoception.

Hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity

Sensory processing differences often fall along a spectrum. Some people notice sensory input more intensely than others, while some feel less of it or take longer to register it. This is often described as hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity.

  • Hypersensitivity means the brain reacts strongly to sensory input. Things that might seem ordinary to others, like background noise, clothing tags, or bright lights, can feel overwhelming or even painful. People with hypersensitivities might be described as avoiders, since they often try to reduce or avoid sensory input that feels too intense.
  • Hyposensitivity means the brain takes in less sensory information or responds more slowly. This can lead to a constant need for more input in order to feel regulated. People with hyposensitivities are sometimes called seekers, because they actively look for strong sensations like pressure, motion, sound, or intense flavors to feel grounded.

Many people are a combination of both, depending on the sense and the situation. You might be hypersensitive to sound but hyposensitive to movement, or your needs might shift with stress, sleep, or changes in your environment.

These needs can shift depending on stress, sleep, environment, and life context. Your sensory profile is not fixed, and there is no right way to be.

Planning should work with your brain, not against it

Tiimo was built by and for neurodivergent people. Use AI planning, check-ins, and visual timelines to stay focused and reduce overwhelm.

Apple logo
Get Tiimo on App Store
Google logo
Get Tiimo on Google Play

Common signs to look for

Sensory processing differences don’t disappear over time. Many people experience them throughout their lives, even if they never had the language to describe it.

Some common signs include:

  • Overwhelm in crowded, loud, or brightly lit places
  • Avoiding certain textures in clothing, food, or surroundings
  • Difficulty with temperature regulation
  • Relying on movement, pressure, or fidgets to concentrate
  • Frequently bumping into things or feeling off-balance
  • Gagging at smells or textures
  • Missing internal cues like hunger, thirst, or fatigue

Many people learn to mask these differences, especially those who were socialized to hide discomfort or taught that sensitivity was something to be ashamed of. You might suppress reactions, force eye contact, or push through sensory overload without realizing there’s another way.

How sensory differences relate to ADHD and Autism

Sensory experiences are deeply linked with many forms of neurodivergence, including ADHD and Autism. In ADHD, this might show up as sensory-seeking behaviors like needing constant movement, background noise, or oral input such as chewing. In Autism, it may include heightened sensitivity to lights, sounds, or touch, as well as a strong need for predictable sensory environments.

Sensory differences are also common in people with trauma histories, PTSD, anxiety, or chronic illness. Your sensory system is part of your nervous system, which means it is shaped by safety, regulation, and how your brain and body respond to the world.

That said, sensory processing is not the same for everyone within a diagnosis. Some people are more sensitive in certain situations, while others may only notice differences under stress or in specific environments. Sensory patterns can shift over time and are deeply contextual.

How to identify your sensory needs

Getting to know your sensory profile can help you reduce overwhelm and build routines that feel more supportive. You don’t need a formal assessment to start noticing patterns. Some people journal about their reactions throughout the day, while others reflect on what situations feel energizing or draining.

Start by paying attention to:

  • Which environments leave you feeling overstimulated or exhausted?
  • What textures, sounds, or smells do you avoid or seek out?
  • Are there times when you miss internal signals, like hunger or needing to rest?

You might also find it helpful to check in with your body before and after specific experiences, like commuting, eating, or socializing. The goal isn’t to fix or label every reaction, but to notice which patterns feel familiar.

Ways to meet your sensory needs

You do not need a diagnosis to benefit from sensory supports. If something helps you feel more regulated, more comfortable, or more present, it’s worth using. Once you start noticing your sensory patterns, you can explore ways to support them in daily life. Some strategies are proactive, while others are tools you can turn to when things feel overwhelming.

Some examples include:

  • Using sensory tools like fidgets, weighted items, earplugs, or sunglasses
  • Wearing clothing that feels soft, breathable, or consistent
  • Adding movement into your routine, like walking, stretching, or rocking
  • Creating quieter or visually calmer spaces at home or work
  • Building in recovery time after high-input experiences, even if they seem "normal" to others
  • Honoring routines around eating, drinking, or rest, especially if interoception is low

Meeting your sensory needs isn’t about perfection. It’s about creating a setup that helps your nervous system feel a little more supported, a little more often. You don’t have to get everything right to feel better in your body. Even small shifts in your environment or routine can help your nervous system settle more easily and make daily life feel more manageable.

What to take with you

Sensory processing differences can shape how you experience the world, from the clothes you wear to how you focus, eat, or interact with others. They can show up in subtle ways or feel completely overwhelming but, no matter where you fall on the sensory spectrum, your needs are valid.

There’s no one way to process sensory input. These experiences are shaped by your nervous system, your environment, and your personal history. Some people notice heightened sensitivity. Others seek more input. Many shift between both. And it often depends on context.

Learning your sensory patterns can help you build awareness, trust your instincts, and create support systems that make your daily life feel more grounded and manageable.

FAQ

1. Can sensory processing differences change over time?

Yes. Sensory needs often shift depending on stress, hormones, sleep, or life changes. You might become more sensitive in some areas and less in others. These patterns can evolve throughout your life.

2. What is the difference between sensory overload and a meltdown?

Sensory overload happens when your brain receives more input than it can handle. A meltdown can follow if that overload builds up with no way to regulate. It is not an overreaction. It is a real response that needs care and recovery time.

3. Is it possible to have sensory challenges but still appear calm?

Yes. Many people hide or mask their reactions, especially if they were taught to stay quiet or blend in. Looking calm does not always mean feeling calm on the inside.

4. How do I talk to others about my sensory needs without feeling awkward?

You can start by naming what helps. For example, you might say you work better in quiet spaces or feel more comfortable wearing certain fabrics. Framing your needs around comfort and focus can make it easier to share.

5. Can sensory tools help even if I do not fully understand my profile?

Yes. You can learn a lot just by trying things out. Whether it is a fidget, noise-reducing headphones, or a different routine, small experiments can show you what feels right in your body.

About the author

Lorraine Young

Lorraine is an Autistic parent and community builder creating supportive spaces for sensory needs, routine-building, and everyday life.

More from the author
Sensory processing and neurodivergence
April 21, 2021

Sensory processing and neurodivergence

Understanding your sensory processing differences can help you make sense of overwhelm, avoid burnout, and advocate for your needs without shame.

Tiimo coach of the month icon

Georgina Shute

Gina is an ADHD coach and founder of KindTwo, helping overwhelmed leaders reclaim time and build neuroinclusive systems that actually work.

No items found.

Sensory processing is how the brain receives, organizes, and responds to information from the senses. This shapes how you interpret sounds, lights, touch, taste, smells, movement, and even what’s happening inside your body.

Everyone filters sensory input differently. For many neurodivergent people, those filters work in ways that can make everyday environments feel unpredictable. Sensory input might be intense one day and barely noticeable the next. This kind of variability is a natural part of how some brains respond to the world.. It’s simply how your brain processes input.

Sensory processing isn’t always smooth or predictable. Some people use the term Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) to describe a pattern of sensory challenges while others prefer to describe it as sensory processing differences. The specific language matters less than finding support that fits your experience.

The eight senses (yes, eight!)

Most people learn about five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. These are your external senses, helping you interpret the world around you.

There are also three internal senses that play a big role in how you experience your body and surroundings:

  • Proprioception is your awareness of where your body is in space. It helps you understand your position without needing to look, and it supports coordinated movement and physical confidence.
  • Vestibular sense relates to balance and movement. It helps you stay steady while walking, notice when you're in motion, and orient yourself if you're spinning or tipping.
  • Interoception is the sense of internal states like hunger, thirst, temperature, and the need to go to the bathroom. It also plays a key role in emotional awareness and knowing when your body needs care or regulation.

Many people don’t realize how important these internal senses are until something feels off. For example, if you’ve ever gone hours without realizing you were hungry or suddenly felt dizzy before noticing you hadn’t eaten, that’s often linked to interoception.

Hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity

Sensory processing differences often fall along a spectrum. Some people notice sensory input more intensely than others, while some feel less of it or take longer to register it. This is often described as hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity.

  • Hypersensitivity means the brain reacts strongly to sensory input. Things that might seem ordinary to others, like background noise, clothing tags, or bright lights, can feel overwhelming or even painful. People with hypersensitivities might be described as avoiders, since they often try to reduce or avoid sensory input that feels too intense.
  • Hyposensitivity means the brain takes in less sensory information or responds more slowly. This can lead to a constant need for more input in order to feel regulated. People with hyposensitivities are sometimes called seekers, because they actively look for strong sensations like pressure, motion, sound, or intense flavors to feel grounded.

Many people are a combination of both, depending on the sense and the situation. You might be hypersensitive to sound but hyposensitive to movement, or your needs might shift with stress, sleep, or changes in your environment.

These needs can shift depending on stress, sleep, environment, and life context. Your sensory profile is not fixed, and there is no right way to be.

Common signs to look for

Sensory processing differences don’t disappear over time. Many people experience them throughout their lives, even if they never had the language to describe it.

Some common signs include:

  • Overwhelm in crowded, loud, or brightly lit places
  • Avoiding certain textures in clothing, food, or surroundings
  • Difficulty with temperature regulation
  • Relying on movement, pressure, or fidgets to concentrate
  • Frequently bumping into things or feeling off-balance
  • Gagging at smells or textures
  • Missing internal cues like hunger, thirst, or fatigue

Many people learn to mask these differences, especially those who were socialized to hide discomfort or taught that sensitivity was something to be ashamed of. You might suppress reactions, force eye contact, or push through sensory overload without realizing there’s another way.

How sensory differences relate to ADHD and Autism

Sensory experiences are deeply linked with many forms of neurodivergence, including ADHD and Autism. In ADHD, this might show up as sensory-seeking behaviors like needing constant movement, background noise, or oral input such as chewing. In Autism, it may include heightened sensitivity to lights, sounds, or touch, as well as a strong need for predictable sensory environments.

Sensory differences are also common in people with trauma histories, PTSD, anxiety, or chronic illness. Your sensory system is part of your nervous system, which means it is shaped by safety, regulation, and how your brain and body respond to the world.

That said, sensory processing is not the same for everyone within a diagnosis. Some people are more sensitive in certain situations, while others may only notice differences under stress or in specific environments. Sensory patterns can shift over time and are deeply contextual.

How to identify your sensory needs

Getting to know your sensory profile can help you reduce overwhelm and build routines that feel more supportive. You don’t need a formal assessment to start noticing patterns. Some people journal about their reactions throughout the day, while others reflect on what situations feel energizing or draining.

Start by paying attention to:

  • Which environments leave you feeling overstimulated or exhausted?
  • What textures, sounds, or smells do you avoid or seek out?
  • Are there times when you miss internal signals, like hunger or needing to rest?

You might also find it helpful to check in with your body before and after specific experiences, like commuting, eating, or socializing. The goal isn’t to fix or label every reaction, but to notice which patterns feel familiar.

Ways to meet your sensory needs

You do not need a diagnosis to benefit from sensory supports. If something helps you feel more regulated, more comfortable, or more present, it’s worth using. Once you start noticing your sensory patterns, you can explore ways to support them in daily life. Some strategies are proactive, while others are tools you can turn to when things feel overwhelming.

Some examples include:

  • Using sensory tools like fidgets, weighted items, earplugs, or sunglasses
  • Wearing clothing that feels soft, breathable, or consistent
  • Adding movement into your routine, like walking, stretching, or rocking
  • Creating quieter or visually calmer spaces at home or work
  • Building in recovery time after high-input experiences, even if they seem "normal" to others
  • Honoring routines around eating, drinking, or rest, especially if interoception is low

Meeting your sensory needs isn’t about perfection. It’s about creating a setup that helps your nervous system feel a little more supported, a little more often. You don’t have to get everything right to feel better in your body. Even small shifts in your environment or routine can help your nervous system settle more easily and make daily life feel more manageable.

What to take with you

Sensory processing differences can shape how you experience the world, from the clothes you wear to how you focus, eat, or interact with others. They can show up in subtle ways or feel completely overwhelming but, no matter where you fall on the sensory spectrum, your needs are valid.

There’s no one way to process sensory input. These experiences are shaped by your nervous system, your environment, and your personal history. Some people notice heightened sensitivity. Others seek more input. Many shift between both. And it often depends on context.

Learning your sensory patterns can help you build awareness, trust your instincts, and create support systems that make your daily life feel more grounded and manageable.

FAQ

1. Can sensory processing differences change over time?

Yes. Sensory needs often shift depending on stress, hormones, sleep, or life changes. You might become more sensitive in some areas and less in others. These patterns can evolve throughout your life.

2. What is the difference between sensory overload and a meltdown?

Sensory overload happens when your brain receives more input than it can handle. A meltdown can follow if that overload builds up with no way to regulate. It is not an overreaction. It is a real response that needs care and recovery time.

3. Is it possible to have sensory challenges but still appear calm?

Yes. Many people hide or mask their reactions, especially if they were taught to stay quiet or blend in. Looking calm does not always mean feeling calm on the inside.

4. How do I talk to others about my sensory needs without feeling awkward?

You can start by naming what helps. For example, you might say you work better in quiet spaces or feel more comfortable wearing certain fabrics. Framing your needs around comfort and focus can make it easier to share.

5. Can sensory tools help even if I do not fully understand my profile?

Yes. You can learn a lot just by trying things out. Whether it is a fidget, noise-reducing headphones, or a different routine, small experiments can show you what feels right in your body.

Illustration of two hands coming together to form a heart shape.

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